Screen Surface Air Vortex Diameter
Mechanical energy is produced when heat is carried upwards by convection in the atmosphere. The Manzanares solar chimney, shown in Fig. 1, was built in Spain in the 1980s and consisted of a vertical tube 200 m high and 10 m in diameter with a turbine installed inside its base. The chimney was surrounded by a solar collector, a transparent plastic roof 240 m in diameter supported 2 m above the ground. The air flowed through the open rim of the collector and up the chimney. The solar collector increased the air temperature by some 20°C; the upward velocity in ...
